Giải pháp phân phối - bán lẻ cho các doanh nghiệp trong bối cảnh cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0
Kỷ yếu Hội thảo quốc tế “Thương mại và phân phối” lần 2 năm 2020
DISTRIBUTION SOLUTIONS - RETAIL FOR BUSINESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0
GIẢI PHÁP PHÂN PHỐI – BÁN LẺ CHO CÁC DOANH NGHIỆP TRONG BỐI CẢNH
CÁCH MẠNG CÔNG NGHIỆP 4.0
Le Thi Hanh
Vice Dean, University of Finance - Business Administration
Summary
The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has had a great impact on all socio-economic fields of the country, in
which the distribution - retail industry is significantly affected. Previously, Vietnamese consumers only shop at
existing stores and stalls at traditional retail channels, nowadays, consumers can fully satisfy their shopping
needs through convenience stores. useful, multichannel and online. In the Vietnamese segment, the distribution -
retail industry is considered to be a great potential when the population of more than 90 million people, of
which young people account for high density. This is a favourable development advantage because consumption
habits in this segment dominate. The author points out the trends and solutions for the retail - distribution
industry of businesses in Vietnam in the context of industrial revolution 4.0.
Keywords: Distribution - retail, business, industrial revolution 4.0
Tóm tắt
Cuộc cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0 đã tác động lớn đến mọi lĩnh vực kinh tế – xã hội của đất nước, trong
đó, ngành phân phối – bán lẻ chịu sự tác động không nhỏ. Trước đây, người tiêu dùng Việt Nam chỉ mua sắm ở
các cửa hàng, sạp hàng hiện hữu tại kênh bán lẻ truyền thống, ngày nay, người tiêu dùng hoàn toàn có thể thỏa
mãn nhu cầu mua sắm của mình qua các cửa hàng tiện ích đa kênh và trực tuyến. Tại phân khúc Việt Nam,
ngành phân phối – bán lẻ được coi là tiềm năng lớn khi dân số hơn 90 triệu người, trong đó, người trẻ chiếm
mật độ cao. Đây là lợi thế thuận lợi phát triển, bởi thói quen tiêu dùng ở bộ phận này chiếm đa số. Tác giả chỉ
ra xu hướng và các giải pháp cho ngành phân phối – bán lẻ của các doanh nghiệp ở Việt Nam trong bối cảnh
cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0.
Từkhóa: Phân phối – bán lẻ, doanh nghiệp, cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0
1. Set the problem
1.1. Reason for research
The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) is affecting all socio-economic fields, posing
great opportunities and challenges for Vietnam, in particular, exchanging goods and services among
individuals, start organizations based on digital technology applications. In order to adapt to the
transition economy to the digital economy, Vietnam's distribution and retail industry is also catching
up with this new trend by promoting e-commerce services to help consumers buy. shopping and
experience. Vietnam's advantages and opportunities in retail-distribution development have seen
double-digit growth in recent years; Although the online retail market accounts for only 5% of total
sales, the prospect of growing more and more in the digital revolution era.
1.2. Identify research issues
Rresearch on industrial revolution 4.0 and distribution - retail in Vietnam today
1.3. The main content that the article will focus on solving
Proposing solutions for distribution - retail in Industry 4.0 in Vietnam today.
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2. Research overview, theoretical basis, and research methods
2.1. Study overview
The Industrial Revolution 4.0 is in the onset and has an impact on all sectors. In fact, the 4.0
industrial revolution in the field of distribution - retail is quietly taking place and creating many
development opportunities for Vietnam with breakthrough changes from diverse and effective service
standards. and quickly based on digital technology. There are many studies on this field, such as
"Industry Revolution 4.0 and the impact on Vietnam's retail industry", showing new directions for
distribution - retail for Vietnamese enterprises. Male. In the article "4 trends of the retail industry before
the impact of the industrial revolution 4.0" by Thao Lan, pointed out, want to develop a sustainable
distribution system in the development trend of the Industrial Revolution. 4.0, the retail industry needs to
have a network development plan, infrastructure conditions; organize commodity production areas,
especially agricultural and food production, to supply regularly, qualitatively and efficiently for the
national distribution system. In addition, domestic manufacturers must pay special attention to the
distribution - retail system, because this is a positive move, contributing to solving the output of
production and social consumption. According to author Nguyen Trang to attract consumers, in addition
to competing at the point of sale, the retail industry is also racing the e-commerce service industry.
In summary, many research articles on this issue are basically unified to approach the industrial
revolution 4.0, the retail service industry needs to improve its capacity, especially the competitiveness
to bring out the ministry. The appropriate strategic plan for businesses to grow more and more.
2.2. Research Methods
Research Methods Authors compare, synthesize analysis. Based on the information, the author
gave solutions to the way enterprises distribute - retail in Industry 4.0 in Vietnam.
3. Results and discussion:
3.1. Interpret and analyze new findings
3.1.1. Industrial Revolution 4.0
The "industrial 4.0" industry concept was launched in 2011 at the Hannover Fair, showcasing
the expectations of Germany's industrial 4.0 program, to enhance the traditional German mechanical
industry. Not only Germany with the Industry 4.0 program, developed countries over the past few
years have production strategy programs when the progress of science and technology is happening
very fast.
In 2013, a new keyword "Industry 4.0" (Industrie 4.0) began to emerge from a German
Government report referring to this phrase to refer to high technology strategy, computerization of the
industry. produce without human involvement. At present, Industry 4.0 has gone beyond the scope of
the German project with the participation of many countries and has become an important part of the
fourth industrial revolution.
The concept of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Industry 4.0 On 20/01/2016, the 46th World
Economic Forum (WEF) officially opened in the Swiss city of Davos-Klosters, with owners the
"Fourth Industrial Revolution", which attracted the participation of 40 heads of state and more than
2,500 guests from more than 100 countries. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a term that
encompasses a range of modern automation technologies, data exchange, and manufacturing. The
fourth industrial revolution is defined as "a term phrase for organizations' technologies and concepts in
the value chain" that accompanies physical systems in cyberspace, the Internet connecting everything.
(IoT) and Internet of services (IoS) [3]
Nature of industrial revolution 4.0
Based on the digital technology platform and integrate all intelligent technologies to optimize
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production processes and methods; emphasizing the technologies that are and will have the greatest impact
are 3D printing technology, biotechnology, new material technology, automation technology, robotics.
Industrial Revolution 4.0 is the current trend of automation and data exchange in
manufacturing technology. It includes physical networking, the Internet of things, and cloud
computing. Industry 4.0 facilitates the creation of "smart factories" or "digital factories". In these smart
factories, physical space systems will monitor physical processes, creating a virtual copy of the
physical world. With IoT, these physical space virtual systems interact with each other and with people
in real-time and through IoS, users will be involved in the value chain through the use of services.
3.1.2. Impact of Industrial Revolution 4.0 on distribution - retail industry of enterprises in Vietnam
Vietnamese consumers, surely knowing when it comes to traditional retail stores, have the
inconvenience of having to transport goods home by themselves whether it is heavy or light, etc. But
now, with the strong growth of the retail service industry, the form of online shopping with just one
click is the item you choose to be delivered to the place gradually becoming popular. It can be said that
it is a strong transformation of Vietnamese retail businesses, which has brought a significant benefit
for businesses and consumers. Therefore, Vietnamese consumers are no stranger to new business
models such as Grab (in the transport sector), Traveloka, Trivago, Airbnb (in the field of tourism, hotel
booking), Tiki, Lazada, Sendo, A here !, Foody, (e-commerce field)... and many other successful
models from the application of the technology of the industrial revolution 4.0 in business activities as
well as social and economic life.
Vietnam's market is considered a fertile land and attracts a lot of foreign businesses to invest in.
According to recent statistics released by Appota, Vietnam is among the top 20 countries with the
highest internet users in the world with 49 million internet users. The number of people who only use
the phone to access the Internet in Vietnam, especially between the ages of 18-34, accounts for a very
high rate compared to the rate of people using computers or other devices. Not only that, Vietnam is a
country with a high mobile connection: 55% of Vietnamese own a smartphone and it is predicted that
by 2020, there will be 8 mobile phone users per 10 Vietnamese people (Google APAC). ) and 46% of
personal computer owners. This is also an advantage of the mobile and computer retail industry in
particular and the trend of online shopping in Vietnam, in general, will be increasing.
Vietnam has about 23 million regular online shoppers, spending of this group is accounting for
one-third of consumer e-commerce spending in Vietnam. The proportion of the population using a
telephone is up to 95% in big cities. Of these, 78% are using smartphones. With the gadgets from
smartphones, users can access social networks, read news, chat and play games, in addition to the era
when things are going up, Vietnamese people also use smartphones to search and buy. Shop for all the
products you need, from finding product information, reviewing reviews, comparing prices when you
plan to buy an item. Smartphones also create more fierce competition in all economic and social fields
Retail services in Industry 4.0 also need to be smartly developed with the support of digital
technology. The industrial revolution has changed the lives of all of us. If before we always had the
inconvenience of shopping whether it was raining or sunny, now even at home you can still shop easily
and quickly. In addition to online shopping on websites, buying things via Facebook and Zalo is now
also popular in society. Although there are no complete statistics on the impact of social networks on
the retail industry, we can not deny the spread, their influence in the growth of the industry now and in
the future.
4. Conclusions and Solutions
4.1. Conclusion
In response to Industry 4.0, retail businesses are an opportunity for businesses to propagate and
promote products and services online, on the website, and to bring standard products and services from
quality. quality and price to customers, and also receive bad notifications, comment on things that
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customers are not satisfied with at each stage, each service is different. This is also a way for
businesses to see for themselves what is missing to add or to develop stronger points. If you want to
approach the industrial revolution 4.0, the retail service industry needs to improve the capacity,
especially the competitiveness, to come up with the appropriate strategic plan for businesses to
develop. It can be affirmed that the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is a key factor to decide the success of
the country's industrialization and modernization.
The Industrial Revolution 4.0 is led by global intellectual science and technology. And in the
future, not only the retail industry but all businesses in other fields also need to have strategies and
apply technology in their operations so as not to be excluded from the flow of the technology
economy. modern.
4.2. Solutions for retail businesses in the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0
Firstly, the retail businesses in the system need to shake hands, go together to implement many
trade promotion activities, linking supply and demand with provinces and cities across the country.
Thereby, it has contributed to promoting goods consumption among regions. However, in order to
have a coordinated coordination informing chain links, from production, supply to consumers, the
most important is still the initiative of businesses, localities ..supporting businesses. connect and
consume products that can be strong and distribution channels in provinces, cities, and countries in the
region in general, meet the shortage of supply and contribute to stabilizing the market. Trade
promotion activities, regional links, supply and demand connection between provinces and cities
across the country have contributed to promoting production and business development of local
businesses, boosting up Chief of goods circulation in the market, ensuring the regular consumption
needs of the people and stabilizing the local market, especially for agricultural products and essential
foodstuffs. In the coming years, if there is a need for a large quality source to ensure quality to meet
consumer needs, the need for linking between businesses will meet this requirement.
Secondly, businesses also need to pay more attention to the attitudes and opinions of
consumers, the differences between regions to attract consumers.
The purpose of marketing is to satisfy the needs and desires of the customers. Customers are
very different in age, income, education, needs and tastes, understanding the customer is not easy.
Customers speak their needs and want in a different way. They also do not understand their own deep
motives and may be influenced by marketing agents that change their thinking, decisions and
behaviour. Therefore, businesses learn the desires, perceptions, preferences, choices and shopping
behaviours of different target customer groups. On that basis, businesses deploy products and services
that adapt to their needs, decide on the development of new products and their features, determine
prices, select distribution channels and Information control and other factors in marketing.
Thirdly, e-commerce will be an important key to reach consumers during the current Industry
Revolution 4.0
E-commerce is growing strongly, which is an indispensable part of business activities
worldwide. The scale of Vietnam's e-commerce market with a modest starting point, about 4 billion
USD in 2015, but growing quite quickly and steadily in 2016, 2017, 2018, if continued to increase. If
the growth rate is 30% / year, the market is estimated to reach 13 billion USD in 2020. With such a
fast and stable growth, combined with the trend of shifting consumer shopping habits, it can be
affirmed. E-commerce will increasingly dominate the more important position for businesses. For
businesses and customers, e-commerce has a very bright future. There are many challenges for
businesses, but with the influence and the trend of becoming an important distribution channel,
businesses cannot help but pay attention to the importance of e-commerce for businesses. and devote
adequate resources of business to e-commerce development. In a market where users and competitors
are only one click away, businesses involved in online business are forced to differentiate their
services from their competitors. otherwise, they will be just like other normal commodity suppliers. E-
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commerce will increasingly occupy important positions for businesses with fast and stable market
growth combined with the trend of shifting consumer shopping habits.
Fourthly, in order to develop fast and sustainably in the distribution system, it is necessary to
reduce unreasonable intermediaries, unreasonable costs and the "goods rescue" that have occurred
recently.
The current situation shows that the retail market also has many competing pressures, many
domestic and foreign investors participate; There is competition between modern sales channels and
traditional sales channels; Competition between direct retail and online retail. These are open
competition between retail businesses, however, due to the state management, there are still
shortcomings in the distribution and distribution sector such as accounting, accounting and statistics.
list, invoice documents, financial and tax control of businesses ... due to a number of outstanding
issues have not been overcome, thereby leading to an equally fierce competition. It is the competition
between businesses, organizations and individuals doing business seriously, complete books, fulfilling
fair tax obligations with the units and individuals transferring prices, evading taxes, and dealing install
stores. , counterfeit goods, loss of quality ..., violating consumer rights, causing loss of state budget
and causing significant difficulties for local management agencies. “At present, there is often the
phenomenon of a large number of supermarkets with high sales and prestige of signing contracts and
negotiating that have forced the grant, discount, price, purchase price for suppliers, especially
agricultural products and foodstuffs. These ridiculous, risky costs for manufacturers and suppliers will
push the cost of Vietnamese goods higher than the value of use, from which Vietnamese goods are
difficult to compete with foreign goods. Since then, consumers who come to the supermarket to buy
will have to buy an unreasonably higher price of the unsettled business supermarkets. ” Want to
develop quickly and sustainably in the distribution system, need to reduce unreasonable intermediaries,
unreasonable costs and the "rescue goods" happened recently. Planning to develop networks,
infrastructure conditions, organizing commodity production areas, especially agro-food production, to
provide regular, quality and efficient systems to the system.
Fifthly, it is necessary to have a plan to develop the network, infrastructure conditions,
organize commodity production areas, especially the production of agricultural products and foodstuffs
to provide a regular, quality and effective system. system.
Sixth, to control the retail market and the process of moving goods of the distribution system
publicly, coldly, without hassle and negativity.
In order to develop sustainably, the retail industry needs to have a plan to develop the network
and infrastructure conditions; organize commodity production areas, especially agricultural and food
production, to supply regularly, qualitatively and efficiently for the national distribution system. It is
necessary to control the retail market and the process of mobilizing goods of the distribution system in
an open, healthy, hassle-free and negative manner; reduce illicit intermediaries, unreasonable costs;
dealing with snatching and pinching methods of enterprises with strengths, violating laws, evading
taxes, unusual discounts, producing and trading in fake goods. At the same time, it is necessary to
actively praise the well-being, responsible distribution and retail chains of the State and consumers.
Practical, strong and effective actions to develop the retail system will help develop domestic
production, as well as develop social consumption.
Seventh, praising the well-behaved, responsible distribution chains for the state and consumers.
Remind and handle unreasonable actions of enterprises with strengths, violations of law, tax evasion,
price reduction, production and trading of counterfeit goods.
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Kỷ yếu Hội thảo quốc tế “Thương mại và phân phối” lần 2 năm 2020
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10. The retail revolution in Vietnam has just begun
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